\(A_\infty \)-Category Theory

6 KLRW Category

6.1 Overview

6.2 Computable Add

Definition 32
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Let \(\mathcal{C}\) be a preadditive category. Then the computable additive completion of \(\mathcal{C}\), denoted \(\operatorname {CMat}(\mathcal{C})\), has

  • as objects, lists of elements in \(\mathcal{C}\).

  • as morphisms, dependent matrices of morphisms in \(\mathcal{C}\). Specifically, if \((A_0, A_1, \ldots , A_n), (B_0, B_1, \ldots , B_m) \in \operatorname {Ob}\big(\operatorname {Mat\_ }(\mathcal{C})\big)\), then

    \begin{multline*} \operatorname {Hom}\big((A_0, A_1, \ldots , A_n), (B_0, B_1, \ldots , B_m)\big) \\ = \left\{ \begin{bmatrix} a_{00} & \cdots & a_{0,n-1} \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ a_{m-1,0} & \cdots & a_{m-1,n-1} \end{bmatrix} : a_{ij} \in \operatorname {Hom}(A_j, B_i) \right\} \end{multline*}

    where \(0 \le i \le m-1\) and \(0 \le j \le n-1\).

  • composition is defined by matrix multiplication

  • identities are given by the identity matrix

    \[ (\mathbb {1}_{(A_0, \ldots , A_m)})_{i, j} = \begin{cases} \mathbb {1}_{A_i} & \text{reinterpreted as an element of }\operatorname {Hom}(A_i, A_j) \text{ by casting along the equality if }i = j \\ 0 & \text{ if }i\ne j \end{cases} \]

    .

There is a fully faithful functor \(G: \mathcal{C}\Rightarrow \operatorname {CMat\_ }(\mathcal{C})\).

There is a fully faithful embedding functor \(F: \operatorname {CMat\_ }(\mathcal{C}) \Rightarrow \operatorname {Mat\_ }(\mathcal{C})\). It is (nonconstructively) essentially surjective, so \(F\) is an equivalence of categories.

Definition 33
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Given \(A = (A_0, \ldots , A_n), B=(B_0, \ldots , B_n)\in \operatorname {CMat\_ }(\mathcal{C})\), the computable biproduct of \(A\) and \(B\) is defined by \(A\boxplus _k B = (A_0, \ldots , A_n, B_0, \ldots , B_m)\)

Definition 34
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For any \(Z\in \operatorname {CMat\_ }(\mathcal{C})\), the index type, denoted \(\iota _Z\), is the type \(\{ 0, \ldots , (\operatorname {len}(Z)-1)\} \), and the indexing function, \(X_2: \iota _Z\to \mathcal{C}\), is defined by \(X_Z(i) = Z_i\).

Definition 35
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Let \(n\in \mathbb {N}\). A positioning of \(1\) black strand with \(n\) red strands is an element of \(\{ 0, \ldots , n+1\} \). Given positionings of \(X\) and \(Y\), the strand set \(StrandSpace_{X, Y} = \mathbb {N}\), representing the number of dots. (Note here that \(\text{StrandSpace}_{X, Y}\) does not depend on \(X\) or \(Y\), but with more black strands it might).

Definition 36
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If \(X, Y, Z\) are positionings of \(1\) black strand and \(n\) red strands and \(a\in \text{StrandSpace}_{X, Y}\), \(b\in \text{StrandSpace}_{Y, Z}\), then their composition is given by

\begin{align*} b\circ a & = a + b + \frac{|X-Y| + |Y-Z| - |X-Z|}{2} \\ & = a + b + \max (x, y) + \max (y, z) - \max (x, z) - y \end{align*}
Definition 37
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Fix a commutative ring \(R\). The \(\operatorname {KLRW}\) category of \(1\) black strand and \(n\) red strands, denoted \(\operatorname {KLRW}\) category of \(1\) black strand and \(n\) red strands, denoted \(\operatorname {KLRW}^R_n\), is given by

  • \(\operatorname {Ob}(\operatorname {KLRW}^R_n)\) is the set of positionings of \(1\) black strand with \(n\) red strands

  • \(\operatorname {Hom}(X, Y)\) is the free \(R\)-module generated by \(\text{StrandSpace}_{X, Y}\).

Composition in \(\operatorname {KLRW}^R_n\) is defined by extending the composition of elements of the strand space linearly.

Since each \(\operatorname {Hom}(X, Y)\) is an \(R\)-module and composition is \(R\)-linear, \(\operatorname {KLRW}^R_n\) is \(R\)-linear and thus preadditive.

Definition 38
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Let \(\mathcal{C}\) be a preadditive category with a zero object. Then a bounded cochain complex of \(\mathcal{C}\) is a (\(\mathbb {Z}\)-graded) cochain complex \(A^\bullet \) of \(\mathcal{C}\) equipped with a finite set \(S\) called the support, satisfying \(\forall i\in \mathbb {Z}, i\in S \Leftrightarrow A^i\not\cong 0\). Note that \(S\) is uniquely determined by \(A^\bullet \), though included for computability.

6.3 Bounded Cochain Complexes

Definition 39
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Let \(\operatorname {BK}^\bullet (\mathcal{C})\) denote the set of bounded cochain complexes in \(\mathcal{C}\). THen there is a function \(F:\operatorname {BK}^\bullet (\mathcal{C})\to K^\bullet (\mathcal{C})\) which forgets the finiteness. Then we equip \(\operatorname {BK}^\bullet (\mathcal{C})\) with the induced category structure of \(F\) which makes \(F\) into a fully faithful functor \(F:\operatorname {BK}^\bullet (\mathcal{C}) \to K^\bullet (\mathcal{C})\).

6.4 \(\beta \)-functor

6.4.1 Functor data

We will now specify the data needed to define how a braiding functor acts. Let \(R, S, T \in \mathcal{KLRW}\).

The data of a braiding functor is given by the following functions:

\[ \begin{aligned} \beta _0 & \colon & \mathcal{KLRW} & \to K^* \\ \beta _1 & \colon & \operatorname {Hom}(R,S) & \to \operatorname {Hom}(\beta _0(R), \beta _0(S)) \\ \beta _2 & \colon & \operatorname {Hom}(R,S) \times \operatorname {Hom}(S,T) & \to \operatorname {Hom}(\beta _0(R), \beta _0(T)) \end{aligned} \]

In addition to these functions, there must also be proofs that they satisfy \(A_\infty \) relations (to be specified).

One can understand these functions as specifying how the functor acts on the generating elements of our chain complex category. The action of the functor is as follows.

6.4.2 Functor action

Firstly, we may extend the functions acting on \(\mathcal{KLRW}\) to act on \(\operatorname {Add}(\mathcal{KLRW})\) in a linear sense. We define:

\[ \widehat{\beta }_0 \colon \operatorname {Add}(\mathcal{KLRW}) \to K^* \]

by setting:

\[ \widehat{\beta }_0\left(\bigoplus _i S_i\right) = \bigoplus _i \beta _0(S_i) \]

Extending the remaining two functions requires more care.

For \(\beta _1\), let \(\bigoplus _i A_i\) and \(\bigoplus _j B_j\) be objects in \(\operatorname {Add}(\mathcal{KLRW})\). Let \(f \in \operatorname {Hom}\left(\bigoplus _i A_i, \bigoplus _j B_j\right)\). For each pair \(k, l\), we project \(f\) to its component \(f_{k,l} \in \operatorname {Hom}(A_k, B_l)\). We now create \(g_{k,l} \in \operatorname {Hom}\left(\widehat{\beta }_0\left(\bigoplus _i A_i\right), \widehat{\beta }_0\left(\bigoplus _j B_j\right)\right)\) by extending this morphism. Formally, \(g_{k,l}\) is constructed by composing the canonical projection, the mapped component, and the canonical injection:

\[ \widehat{\beta }_0\left(\bigoplus _i A_i\right) \twoheadrightarrow {\beta }_0(A_k) \xrightarrow {\beta _1(f_{k,l})} {\beta }_0(B_l) \hookrightarrow \widehat{\beta }_0\left(\bigoplus _j B_j\right) \]

For \(\beta _2\), we construct the extension \(\widehat{\beta }_2\) analogously.

Note now that if \(A^* \in K^*\), then we may write \(A^*\) as the cone of the following chain map:

\[ \begin{array}{ccccccccc} 0 & \to & A_0 & \to & \cdots & \to & A_{n-1} & \to & 0 \\ & & \downarrow & & & & \downarrow & & \\ 0 & \to & 0 & \to & \cdots & \to & A_n & \to & 0 \end{array} \]

We may call the upper chain complex \(A^*_{[0,n-1]}\), and the lower \(A^*_{[n,n]}[-1]\) (shifted by \(-1\) because \(A_{n-1}\) and \(A_n\) need the same homological grading).

Assuming we know how \(\overline{\beta }_0\) acts on these two chain complexes, we will state how it acts on \(A^*\). First, take the direct sum:

\[ \overline{\beta }_0(A^*) = \overline{\beta }_0(A^*_{[0,n-1]}) \oplus \overline{\beta }_0(A^*_{[n,n]}[-1]) \]